TCR Reserved and Power3 (SPPL3) Gene Knock-out Allogeneic CD19-targeting CAR-T Cell Therapy in r/r B Cell Lymphoma
A Phase 1/2 Single-center Study Evaluating the Safety and Efficacy of TCR Reserved and Power3 (SPPL3) Gene Knock-out Allogeneic CD19-targeting CAR-T Cell (ATHENA-2) Therapy in Adults With Refractory/Relapsed B-cell Lymphoma
Chinese PLA General Hospital
30 participants
Apr 17, 2024
INTERVENTIONAL
Conditions
Summary
The safety and efficacy of the chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T, a CD19-targeting, TRAC and Power3 (SPPL3) double genes deleted allogeneic CAR-T cell product, are undergoing rigorous evaluation in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) subjects from our ATHENA trial (NCT06014073). Unexpectedly, expansion of the initial residual CD3-positive CAR T from products were measured in patients' peripheral blood (PB) without exception. Accompanying with host immune reconstitution and appearance of the detectable B cells, the CD3-positive allogenic CAR T cells exhibited a compelling amplification advantage over CD3-negative CAR T cells. The amplification of CD3-positive CAR T cell population dynamically suppressed host B cell recovery, and presumably surveilled the recurrence or progression of tumors, but did not induce typical Graft-versus-host-disease (GvHD). Additionally, a series of in vitro experiments illustrated that the HLA-mismatched fratricide between host T cells and TCR-reserved Power3 (SPPL3)-deleted allogenic CAR T cells was markedly slashed, which in combination with our observed clinical safety date supported the notion that only genomic deletion of Power3 (SPPL3) gene in allo-CAR T cells is sufficient to overcome GvHD and host T cell-mediated rejection response. In the ATHENA-2 study, our design is to preserve the expression of the TCR on T cells from healthy donors while selectively disabling the Power3 (SPPL3) gene to prepare ATHENA-2 CAR T cells. This approach harnesses the tonic signaling of CAR T cells, resulting in enhanced persistence and improved response to treatment. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the safety and efficacy of ATHENA-2 in B-cell NHL.
Eligibility
Inclusion Criteria39
- Age 18-70 (inclusive).
- Subjects who meet the following requirements:
- Histologically confirmed refractory/relapsed B cell NHL, including the following types defined by WHO 2016:
- Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma not otherwise specified (DLBCL-NOS);
- Primary mediastinal (thymic) large B-cell lymphoma (PMBCL);
- Transformed follicular lymphoma (TFL);
- High-grade B-cell lymphoma with MYC and BCL2 and/or BCL6 rearrangements (HGBCL);
- Follicular lymphoma (FL);
- Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) (pathologically confirmed, with documentation of monoclonal B cells that have a chromosome translocation t(11;14)(q13;q32) and/or overexpress cyclin D1);
- Marginal zone lymphoma (MZL), including nodal or splenic marginal zone B-cell lymphoma and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma.
- Relapsed disease is defined as disease progression (PD) after achieving disease remission (including CR and PR) with the latest standard regimen.
- Refractory disease is defined as no CR to first-line therapy:
- Evaluation of PD (never reached response or SD) after standard first-line treatment, or
- SD as best response after at least 4 cycles of first-line therapy (eg,4 cycles of R-CHOP), or
- PR as best response after at least 6 cycles and biopsy-proven residual disease or disease progression ≤ 6 months of therapy, or
- Refractory post-autologous stem cell transplant (ASCT): i. Disease progression or relapsed less than or equal to 12 months of ASCT (must have biopsy proven recurrence in relapsed individuals); ii. If salvage therapy is given post-ASCT, the individual must have had no response to or relapsed after the last line of therapy.
- Individuals who are intolerant to standard treatment can also be included in the study in the investigator's judgment.
- Individuals must have received adequate prior therapy:
- For MCL, prior therapy must have included:
- Anthracycline or bendamustine-containing chemotherapy and
- Anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody (unless investigator determines that tumor is CD20-negative) and
- Bruton's tyrosine kinase inhibitor (BTKi).
- For other types, prior therapy must have included:
- Anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody (unless investigator determines that tumor is CD20-negative) and
- Anthracycline containing chemotherapy regimen.
- For individual with transformed FL must have relapse or refractory disease after transformation to DLBCL.
- At least 1 measurable lesion: lymph node site with a long axis \>1.5cm, extranodal site with a long axis \>1.0cm (according to the Lugano2014 criteria). Lesions that have been previously irradiated will be considered measurable only if progression has been documented following completion of radiation therapy.
- CD19 positive (detected by immunohistochemistry \[IHC\]).
- Toxicities due to prior therapy must be stable and recovered to ≤ Grade 1 (except for hematological toxicities and clinically non-significant toxicities such as alopecia).
- Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status ≤ 2.
- Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) ≥ 1 x 10\^9/L, Platelet count ≥50 x 10\^9/L, hemoglobin (Hgb) ≥ 80g/L (hemocytopenia caused by lymphoma invasion of bone marrow is not subject to conditions above).
- Adequate renal, hepatic, pulmonary and cardiac function defined as:
- Serum creatinine≤1.5 upper limit of normal (ULN) or creatinine clearance (as estimated by Cockcroft Gault) ≥ 60 mL/min.
- Serum alanine aminotransferase / aspartate aminotransferase (ALT/AST) ≤ 3 upper limit of normal (ULN); Total bilirubin ≤ 1.5 ULN, except in subjects with 3) Gilbert's syndrome.
- Cardiac ejection fraction ≥ 50%, no evidence of pericardial effusion as determined by an echocardiogram (ECHO), and no clinically significant electrocardiogram (ECG) findings.
- Coagulation Function: International Normalized Ratio (INR) ≤ 1.5 times the upper limit of normal (ULN), and Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (APTT) ≤ 1.5 times ULN.
- Baseline oxygen saturation \>91% on room air.
- Subjects of both genders who are willing to practice birth control from the time of consent through 6 months after the completion of conditioning chemotherapy. Females of childbearing potential must have a negative serum or urine pregnancy test (females who have undergone surgical sterilization or who have been postmenopausal for at least 2 years are not considered to be of childbearing potential).
- Voluntarily participate in this clinical trial and sign an informed consent form.
Exclusion Criteria25
- Expected survival time \< 3 months per Principal Investigator's opinion.
- History of malignancy other than nonmelanoma skin cancer or carcinoma in situ (e.g. cervix, bladder, breast) or follicular lymphoma unless disease free for at least 3 years.
- Autologous stem cell transplant with therapeutic intent within 3 months of planned ATHENA-2 CAR-T infusion.
- History of allogeneic stem cell transplantation.
- Patients who received any immunocellular therapy within 3 months before enrollment.
- Patients who have used any of the following agents or treatments within a specific period of time:
- Received any chemotherapy drugs or small molecule targeted drugs within 2 weeks prior to lymphodepletion;
- Received any monoclonal antibodies, antibody drug conjugates (ADCs), or bispecific antibodies within 3 weeks prior to lymphodepletion;
- Received radiotherapy within 6 weeks prior to lymphodepletion. However, if disease progressed at the site of radiotherapy, or if there are positive lesions detected by PET-CT at non-radiotherapy sites, enrollment is allowed.
- Subjects with detectable cerebrospinal fluid malignant cells, or brain metastases, or with a history of central nervous system (CNS) lymphoma or primary CNS lymphoma.
- Presence of donor-specific anti-HLA antibodies directed against ATHENA-2 CAR-T.
- History of severe, immediate hypersensitivity reaction attributed to lymphodepletion drugs or any component of ATHENA-2 CAR-T.
- Presence or suspicion of fungal, bacterial, viral, or other infection that is uncontrolled or requiring intravenous (IV) antimicrobials for management.
- Uncontrolled or active infectious diseases, such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, acute or chronic active hepatitis B or C, epstein-barr virus (EBV), and cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection.
- History or presence of CNS disorder such as seizure disorder, cerebrovascular ischemia/hemorrhage, dementia, cerebellar disease, or any autoimmune disease with CNS involvement.
- Subjects with cardiac atrial or cardiac ventricular lymphoma involvement.
- History of myocardial infarction, cardiac angioplasty or stenting, unstable angina, or other clinically significant cardiac disease within 12 months of enrollment.
- Expected or possible requirement for urgent therapy within 6 weeks due to ongoing or impending oncologic emergency (eg, tumor mass effect, tumor lysis syndrome).
- Primary immunodeficiency.
- History of autoimmune disease (e.g. Crohn's, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus) resulting in end organ injury or requiring systemic immunosuppression/systemic disease modifying agents within the last 2 years.
- History of symptomatic deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism requiring systemic anticoagulation within 6 months of enrollment.
- Any medical condition likely to interfere with assessment of safety or efficacy of study treatment.
- History of severe immediate hypersensitivity reaction to any of the agents used in this study.
- Vaccine ≤ 6 weeks prior to planned start of conditioning regimen.
- In the investigator's judgment, the subject is unlikely to complete all protocol-required study visits or procedures, including follow-up visits, or comply with the study requirements for participation.
Interventions
Phase 1 dose escalation (3+3): dose 1 (1 × 10\^6 cells/kg), dose 2 (3 × 10\^6 cells/kg), dose 3 (6 × 10\^6 cells/kg); Phase 2: dose of RP2D.
Intravenous fludarabine 30\~50 mg/m\^2/day on days -5, -4, and -3.
Intravenous cyclophosphamide 500\~1000 mg/m\^2/day on days -5, -4, and -3.
Locations(3)
View Full Details on ClinicalTrials.gov
For the most up-to-date information, visit the official listing.
NCT06323525