Inflammation, Cachexia and Therapeutic Response in Lung Cancer Treated With Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: Exploratory Observational Study

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death in France and globally, with 2.48 million new cases diagnosed in 2022, accounting for nearly 13% of global cancer incidence. Despite recent advances, it remains a major health issue due to late-stage diagnosis and high patient and societal burden. New insights into tumor and immune pathways have led to the development of targeted therapies, including tyrosine kinase inhibitors and therapeutic antibodies. Among these, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) such as nivolumab, pembrolizumab, atezolizumab, and durvalumab have significantly improved outcomes for some patients by reactivating T-cell responses. The LCAb (Lung Cancer Antibodies) research project focuses on studying the interindividual variability of clinical response to ICI in lung cancer. These therapies are now used across various lung cancer types and stages, including early and advanced disease. Most ICIs are administered at fixed doses, without considering patient-specific factors as blood concentrations, tumor burden, body weight or nutritional status. The study hypothesizes that fixed dosing may affect treatment response and survival outcomes, highlighting the need for more personalized approaches.