Monitoring and evaluation of the efficacy and safety of Artesunate-Mefloquine (ASMQ) and Artesunate-Pyronaridine (ASP) for the treatment of uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax malaria in Cambodia

ASMQ (Artesunate + Mefloquine co-formulated). The adult dose tablet contains 100mg Artesunate plus 220mg Mefloquine and the pediatric tablet contain 55mg Artesunate plus 55 mg Mefloquine. ASP (Artesunate + Pyronaridine/ Pyramax): Adults and children greater than or equal to 20 kg. All doses of medicine will be administered under the supervision of a qualified member of the staff designated by the principal investigator. The study patients will be observed for 30 min after medicine administration for adverse reactions or vomiting. Any patient who vomits during this observation period will be re-treated with the same dose of medicine and observed for an additional 30 min. If the patient vomits again, he or she will be withdrawn and offered rescue therapy. The patients are recommended to stay at the health facility until they complete the treatment course for malaria infection. This surveillance study is a one-arm prospective evaluation of clinical and parasitological responses to directly observed treatment for uncomplicated malaria. Eligible patients were treated with a daily dose of 1 tablet containing 135mg amodiaquine 'AQ' and 50mg artesunate 'AS' for the patients with 8-17 kg body weight over 3 days, 1 tablet containing 270mg amodiaquine 'AQ' and 100mg artesunate 'AS' for the patients with 17-35 kg body weight and 2 tablets for the patients above 35 kg body weight over 3 days. In addition, a single oral dose of 15-mg adult dose of Primaquine was given to the patient on the first day of treatment. The blood slide was examined daily until the patient was negative on 2 consecutive days. The patients took each dose of the drug before the health stay, stayed at the study site for the first 3 or 4 days, and returned to the study site weekly over 28 days.