Non-operative Management for Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer

This study is investigating whether some patients with advanced rectal cancer (cancer of the lower bowel) who have an excellent response to chemoradiation therapy can avoid major surgery — including permanent colostomy (a bag worn outside the body) — by being closely monitored instead. **You may be eligible if...** - You have stage II or III rectal cancer and have completed standard chemoradiation treatment - You were originally planned for surgery that would likely result in a permanent colostomy - Your cancer shows a complete response (no visible tumor) on examination 8–10 weeks after finishing radiation - You are 18 years or older and able to sign a consent form - You are able to have MRI scans **You may NOT be eligible if...** - You cannot have MRI scans - Your cancer has spread to other parts of the body - You are pregnant - You have inflammatory bowel disease - You have another active cancer within the past 5 years Talk to your doctor to see if this trial is right for you.