Evaluating Clonogenic Epithelial Cell Populations in Patients With Bronchiolitis Obliterans Syndrome

Bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS) is a serious complication that can occur after a stem cell transplant or lung transplant, where scar tissue progressively blocks the small airways of the lungs. It is one of the leading causes of long-term illness and death in transplant recipients. Researchers believe that damage to the cells lining the airways plays a key role in BOS, but the underlying biology is not yet fully understood. This study involves collecting small samples of airway cells (via a brushing during a bronchoscopy — a routine procedure where a camera is passed into the lungs) from transplant recipients. Researchers will then grow and study these cells in the lab to understand how they behave differently in patients with BOS compared to those without. The knowledge gained may lead to better ways to detect, prevent, or treat BOS. You may be eligible if: - You have had an allogeneic stem cell transplant (allo-HCT) and are scheduled for a bronchoscopy at MD Anderson Cancer Center, OR - You have had a lung transplant and are scheduled for a bronchoscopy at Houston Methodist - You fall into one of several groups: advanced BOS, early BOS, no pulmonary impairment, or various stages of lung transplant-related BOS You may NOT be eligible if: - Your bronchoscopy is being performed on an emergency basis for a life-threatening situation - You are unwilling to consent to additional airway brushings for the study Talk to your doctor to see if this trial is right for you.