Artesunate Ointment for the Treatment of Anal HSIL in HIV-negative Participants

This study tests whether an artesunate ointment (derived from an anti-malaria drug) can treat high-grade abnormal cells inside the anus caused by HPV. These precancerous cells are called anal HSIL (high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions) and can progress to anal cancer if untreated. **You may be eligible if...** - You are 18 or older (men or women) - A biopsy has confirmed high-grade anal abnormal cells (AIN 2, AIN 3, or anal HSIL) - You have tested positive for HPV in the anal area - Women of childbearing potential agree to use contraception during the study - You are HIV-negative **You may NOT be eligible if...** - You have HIV - You are pregnant or breastfeeding - You have had recent anal treatments that would interfere with the study Talk to your doctor to see if this trial is right for you.