Mechanism of Ketogenic Diet-Induced Hypercholesterolemia
Washington University School of Medicine
100 participants
Feb 24, 2025
INTERVENTIONAL
Conditions
Summary
Very-low carbohydrate ketogenic diets can dramatically increase blood cholesterol levels, particularly in normal-weight people, for reasons that are not well understood. This study will enroll normal-weight adults, will identify "responders" who develop high cholesterol on a ketogenic diet, and will measure rates of production and removal of certain types of cholesterol-carrying particles called lipoproteins in responders. The results will clarify the mechanism by which a ketogenic diet can cause high cholesterol in certain susceptible people.
Eligibility
Inclusion Criteria5
- age ≥ 18 and \< 40 years
- BMI ≥ 18.5 and \< 25.0 kg/m2
- baseline serum LDL-c \< 150 mg/dL (\< 3.9 mmol/L)
- baseline serum TG \< 100 mg/dL (\< 1.1 mmol/L)
- HbA1c ≤ 5.6%.
Exclusion Criteria11
- personal or family history of familial hypercholesterolemia
- current use of lipid-lowering drugs
- currently on a ketogenic diet and unwilling to change diet
- current tobacco use
- hypertension
- prediabetes or diabetes
- elevated Lp(a) \> 6.5% of ApoB-containing lipoproteins at baseline
- oral contraceptive use
- contraindication to heparin
- known atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease
- unwilling to abstain from alcohol
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Interventions
Participants will consume an isocaloric ketogenic diet for 4 weeks with all food provided as packed-out meals.
Participants will consume an isocaloric control diet for 4 weeks with all food provided as packed-out meals.
Locations(1)
View Full Details on ClinicalTrials.gov
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NCT06894004