Investigation of the Effects of Visual-Motor Based Training on Upper Extremity Functions in Individuals With Stroke
Baskent University
38 participants
Aug 28, 2025
INTERVENTIONAL
Conditions
Summary
The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of visual-motor based training and physiotherapy program on upper extremity functions in individuals with stroke and to compare with physiotherapy program.
Eligibility
Inclusion Criteria8
- At least 6 months have passed since the cerebrovascular event
- Aged between 18 and 75 years
- First-time stroke
- Scoring 24 or higher on the Standardized Mini Mental Test (SMMT)
- Upper extremity functioning at Stage 4 or above according to the Brunnstrom Staging
- Shoulder, elbow, wrist, and finger muscle tone at or below a score of 2 on the Modified ---Ashworth Scale (MAS)
- Shoulder joint range of motion of at least 120°
- Ability to stand independently
Exclusion Criteria9
- Presence of hemispatial neglect syndrome
- Ataxia due to posterior circulatory ischemia
- Bilateral involvement (bilateral hemiparesis)
- Botulinum toxin injection in the last three months
- Physiotherapy treatment within the last 6 months
- Orthopedic problems such as shoulder subluxation, shoulder pain, or contractures in the hand or wrist
- Previous upper extremity or thoracic surgery
- Vision problems related to stroke (hemianopsia)
- Color blindness
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Interventions
Individuals in both groups will receive a physiotherapy program for 3 sessions per week, 60 minutes per day, for a total of 8 weeks.The study consists of two groups: the experimental group and the control group. Both groups will receive a physiotherapy program of 3 sessions per week, each lasting 60 minutes, for a total of 8 weeks. Within the 60-minute physiotherapy session, patients from both groups will undergo 30 minutes of exercises based on the Neurodevelopmental Treatment (NDT) method. In addition, a 12-minute training session will be conducted using a light-based trainer system (Light Trainer® Exercise System).
In addition to the full-body exercises mentioned, individuals in the control group will also receive upper extremity exercises based on the Neurodevelopmental Treatment approach. These exercises are as follows: * Functional reaching activities at the table in a sitting position (e.g., pushing objects, wiping the table, touching various points) * Ball sliding on the wall in a standing position * Touching different targets on the wall in a standing position * Drawing shapes on the wall in a standing position These exercises will be performed bilaterally and on the hemiparetic side. The exercises will be given for approximately 12 minutes, in line with the exercises given to the experimental group. The difficulty level will not be increased during the training.
Locations(1)
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NCT07055945