The Efficacy of Therapy in Patients With Acute Myeloid Leukemia and Down Syndrome in Russia

This study in Russia is evaluating treatments for children with Down syndrome who have been diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) or myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) — blood cancers where bone marrow makes abnormal blood cells. Children with Down syndrome have a higher risk of these cancers and may respond differently to treatment. **You may be eligible if...** - Your child is between 0 and 18 years old - Your child has Down syndrome (trisomy 21) and a GATA1 gene mutation - Your child has been diagnosed with AML or MDS - A parent or guardian has signed the consent form **You may NOT be eligible if...** - Your child has acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) rather than AML or MDS - Your child has severe other medical conditions that prevent treatment - Your child has already received more than 14 days of intensive chemotherapy before enrollment - You or your child refuses key parts of the treatment Talk to your doctor to see if this trial is right for you.