RecruitingNot ApplicableNCT07331558

Multimodal VR Rehabilitation for Cardiorespiratory Fitness in CABG Phase II

Effects of Multimodal Virtual Reality-based Rehabilitation on Dyspnea, Cardiorespiratory Fitness, Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction, and Quality of Life in CABG Phase II

Sponsor

Riphah International University

Enrollment

66 participants

Start Date

Dec 2, 2025

Study Type

INTERVENTIONAL

Conditions

CABG

Summary

It will be a randomized clinical trial with a sample size of 66. A convenient sampling technique will be used to recruit the CABG phase II patients for the study. Then, they will be divided into three groups by block randomization. Weight-bearing Liuzijue Qigong will be given as a baseline treatment to all groups. In group A, patients will engage in multimodal circuit training while simultaneously viewing the nature scenes through VR in a clinical setting, in group B, patients will be given multimodal circuit training in a clinical setting while in group C, patients will be given multimodal circuit training through telerehabilitation. The dyspnea 12 Questionnaire will be used for measuring dyspnea, Cooper's 12-minute test will be used to assess cardiorespiratory fitness, echocardiography will be used to assess Left ventricular ejection fraction, EQ-5D-5L will be used to assess quality of life, and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) will be used to assess the quality of sleep. Data will be entered and analyzed through SPSS version 21.

Eligibility

Min Age: 30 YearsMax Age: 60 Years

Inclusion Criteria6

Patients who underwent CABG surgery will be recruited after twelve weeks
Both male and female
Age 30-60 years old
LVEF of \< 40%
Persistent dyspnea with a self-rated intensity of ⩾5 (out of 10) on a visual analogue dyspnea scale (this dyspnea rating was only used as an inclusion criterion and not as a measure for outcome)
Preserved cognitive function (Montreal Cognitive Assessment score \>24)

Exclusion Criteria7

Patient with recurrent history of CABG
Had a non-cardiac surgical procedure ≤2 months prior to recruitment
Unstable angina, uncontrolled hypertension (blood pressure \>180/100 mmHg), a pacemaker or atrial fibrillation, documented peak orifice area valve stenosis, symptomatic peripheral arterial disease that limits exercise capacity.
Documented chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (FEV1 \<60% and FVC \<60%)
Any shoulder impairment that would limit exercise participation
Patients with Kinesiophobia
Epilepsy, vertigo, eyesight impairment (conditions contraindicated for VR)

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Interventions

OTHERmultimodal circuit training while viewing nature scenes through VR in a clinical setting

This will take place in a clinical setting where participants will also view the nature scenes through virtual reality (VR). The approach is multimodal, incorporating education through a booklet, physical activity via circuit training, nutritional counselling with a healthy diet prescription, and psychological well-being enhanced by behavioural cognitive therapy.

OTHERmultimodal circuit training in a real-world clinical setting

This will take place in a real-world clinical setting. The approach is multimodal, incorporating education through a booklet, physical activity via circuit training, nutritional counselling with a healthy diet prescription, and psychological well-being enhanced by behavioural cognitive therapy.

OTHERmultimodal circuit training through telerehabilitation

This will take place through Google Meetings. The approach is multimodal, incorporating education through a booklet, physical activity via circuit training, nutritional counselling with a healthy diet prescription, and psychological well-being enhanced by behavioural cognitive therapy.