RecruitingPhase 4NCT07489274

Adjunctive Hyperbaric Oxygen Treatment for Patients With Necrotizing Soft-Tissue Infection (HOT-NSTI Trial).

Adjunctive Hyperbaric Oxygen Treatment for Patients With Necrotizing Soft-Tissue Infection (HOT-NSTI Trial)

Sponsor

Ole Hyldegaard

Enrollment

1,480 participants

Start Date

Apr 4, 2026

Study Type

INTERVENTIONAL

Conditions

Necrotizing Soft Tissue Infection

Summary

Necrotizing soft-tissue infection (NSTI) is a rare, severe, fast-progressing bacterial infection within the soft tissue compartment. The NSTI mortality rate remain high and largely unaltered in the last decades. The standard of care in NSTI is multidisciplinary and includes surgery, intensive care, and broad-spectrum antibiotics. Hyperbaric oxygen (HBO2) treatment is an adjunctive treatment potentially improving survival, but is not standard of care in many centres, presumably as no evidence of its benefit from randomized clinical trial exists. The primary objective of this trial, HOT-NSTI, is to investigate the effect of adjunctive HBO2 treatment on 30-day all-cause mortality in patients with NSTI.

Eligibility

Min Age: 18 Years

Inclusion Criteria2

Adults (age ≥18 years)
Surgical confirmed NSTI (defined by perioperative tissue characteristics observed by the surgeon. The diagnosis is based on sign as necrotic or deliquescent soft tissue with widespread undermining of the surrounding tissue)

Exclusion Criteria6

Contraindications for HBO2 treatment according to local protocol (e.g., undrained pneumothorax)
Confirmed pregnancy
Referred to palliative care
Previously randomized into the HOT-NSTI trial
Known objection by the patient to participate in the trial
Allergy against study drug

Interested in this trial?

Get notified about updates and connect with the research team.

Interventions

DRUGHyperbaric oxygen treatment

Patients will be randomized to either standard of care or standard of care + adjunctive sessions of HBO2 treatment consisting of 60-90 minutes (according to local protocols) 2.8ATA (284 kPa (≈18 m' seawater equivalent)) 100% oxygen breathing. The first session will be performed as soon as possible after randomization at the trial site, and at least within 12 hours from randomization. A minimum of three sessions will be performed within 48 hours after randomization. If the patient is considered clinical unstable after the initial three sessions (e.g. ongoing progression of the necrotising process or requiring intravenous blood pressure support in a dosage considered not related to sedation agents) additional sessions must be administered at a rate of one per approximately 24 hours, up to a maximum of five treatments. All sessions must be completed within a total timeframe of 96 hours from randomization.

OTHERStandard of Care (Investigator Choice)

Standard of care (e.g. intensive care, surgery, antibiotics)