Vestibular Socket Therapy Using Magnesium Membrane Versus Cortical Lamina for Immediate Implant Placement in Type II Extraction Sockets

This randomized controlled clinical trial evaluates the effectiveness of bioresorbable magnesium membranes compared to traditional cortical lamina in Vestibular Socket Therapy (VST) for immediate implant placement in Type II extraction sockets. The study utilizes Vestibular Socket Therapy (VST), a minimally invasive technique that involves a small incision and a subperiosteal tunnel to place a "bone shield" and graft without the need to raise a traditional flap. The trial compares two distinct materials used as the regenerative barrier: the control group utilizes a cortical lamina, which is a rigid bone plate known for its stability and slow resorption rate. The experimental group receives a magnesium membrane, an emerging class of "bioresorbable metals" that provides mechanical stability similar to titanium while releasing ions that stimulate bone-building cells and promote blood vessel growth. The study involves 24 patients who are monitored from baseline to six months post-surgery. The primary goal is to measure volumetric bone changes-specifically the thickness and height of the facial bone-using superimposed 3D scans (CBCT). Additionally, the protocol tracks secondary outcomes such as esthetic results via the Pink Esthetic Score, mucosal thickness, oral hygiene levels, patient-reported pain, and overall satisfaction with the restoration.