Effect of Pressure-Controlled Volume Guaranteed Versus Volume-Controlled Ventilation Modes on Hemodynamic Outcomes e.g ( SV, CO ) and Respiratory Mechanics During Laparoscopic Abdominal Cancer Surgeries With Exaggerated Trendelenberg Postion

electrical cardiometry estimates cardiac parameters by measuring changes in thoracic electrical bioimpedance during the cardiac cycle. The ICON, using four electrocardiogram (ECG) electrodes, estimates the maximum rate of change of impedance to peak aortic blood acceleration based on the principle that red blood cells change from random orientation during diastole (high impedance) to an aligned state during systole (low impedance). This device estimates CO, cardiac index (CI), stroke volume (SV), systemic vascular resistance (SVR), and a variety of other cardiac parameters ... Lung ultrasonography (LUS) in patients who are under anesthesia and scheduled for surgery can detect intraoperative atelectasis, and the LUS score is correlated with perioperative oxygenation impairment