A Prospective, Multicenter, Phase II Clinical Study of Postoperative Chemotherapy Combined With QL1706 for High-risk Triple-negative Breast Cancer.

Exclusion Criteria22

• Presence of any active autoimmune disease or history of autoimmune disease (e.g., including but not limited to: autoimmune hepatitis, interstitial pneumonia, uveitis, enteritis, hypophysitis, vasculitis, nephritis, hyperthyroidism); however, participants with the following conditions are allowed to enroll: vitiligo, psoriasis, alopecia not requiring systemic treatment; well-controlled type I diabetes mellitus; hypothyroidism stable on hormone replacement; childhood asthma that has completely resolved and requires no intervention in adulthood; asthma requiring bronchodilators for medical intervention is excluded.
• Current use of immunosuppressants or systemic corticosteroid therapy for immunosuppressive purposes (dose >10 mg/day prednisone or equivalent) within 2 weeks prior to enrollment.
• History of severe hypersensitivity reaction to other monoclonal antibodies.
• Prior discontinuation of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 antibody therapy due to related toxicity.
• Known history or evidence of interstitial lung disease or active non-infectious pneumonitis.
• History of CNS metastases or current central nervous system (CNS) metastases. Baseline imaging to rule out brain metastases is not mandatory. Patients with unknown CNS metastasis status but with any clinical signs suggestive of CNS metastases are eligible only if CT and/or MRI scans rule out CNS metastases.
• Previous history of other malignancies (except for patients with non-melanoma skin cancer or carcinoma in situ of the cervix, who are eligible; patients with other prior malignancies must have been disease-free for at least 3 years).
• Hypertension poorly controlled with antihypertensive medication (systolic blood pressure ≥140 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mmHg); achieving the above parameters with antihypertensive treatment is allowed. History of hypertensive crisis or hypertensive encephalopathy.
• Within 6 months before first dose, known history of unstable angina, myocardial infarction (MI), or chronic heart failure (CHF), or known history of clinically significant arrhythmia requiring antiarrhythmic therapy (except stable atrial fibrillation), or left ventricular ejection fraction <50%.
• Current thrombolytic or anticoagulant therapy; prophylactic use of low-dose aspirin or low-molecular-weight heparin is permitted.
• Presence of pleural effusion, ascites, or pericardial effusion requiring drainage; patients may be enrolled if clinically stable after drainage as assessed by the investigator.
• Arterial/venous thrombotic events occurring within 6 months before enrollment, such as cerebrovascular accident (including transient ischemic attack, cerebral hemorrhage, cerebral infarction), deep vein thrombosis, and pulmonary embolism.
• Major vascular disease (e.g., aortic aneurysm requiring surgical repair or recent peripheral arterial thrombosis) within 6 months before start of study treatment.
• Major surgery (excluding diagnostic procedures) within 4 weeks before start of study treatment, or anticipated need for major surgery during the study.
• Urinalysis showing urine protein ≥++ and confirmed 24-hour urine protein >1.0 g.
• Prior radiotherapy (except palliative radiotherapy for bone lesions), chemotherapy, or surgery (except biopsy) with completion (last dose) less than 4 weeks before the first study dose; last dose of antibody therapy less than 4 weeks before first study dose; molecular targeted therapy (including oral targeted drugs from other clinical trials) less than 5 half-lives before first study dose, or adverse reactions from prior treatment (excluding alopecia) not recovered to ≤CTCAE grade 1.
• Active infection, unexplained fever ≥38.5°C within 7 days before dosing, or baseline white blood cell count >15×10⁹/L.
• Congenital or acquired immunodeficiency (e.g., HIV infection); hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) positive with HBV DNA ≥2000 IU/mL; or hepatitis C virus antibody positive.
• Prior treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors such as anti-PD-1, PD-L1, or anti-CTLA-4.
• Receipt of live vaccine within 4 weeks before first study dose or possible vaccination during the study period.
• As judged by the investigator, any other condition that may affect the study results or cause forced premature termination of the study, such as alcoholism, drug abuse, other serious diseases (including psychiatric illness) requiring concomitant treatment, severe laboratory abnormalities, or family/social factors that may affect patient safety.
• Women who are pregnant or breastfeeding.