Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) Controlled Trial Investigation Of a Non-stimulant (A.C.T.I.O.N).

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is defined by marked changes in both cognitive and emotional functions. The majority of medicated ADHD individuals are treated with stimulants (controlled substances). Up to 30% do not respond to stimulant treatment, and in others the potential for abuse remains. Atomoxetine is a recently approved non-stimulant (non-controlled) to treat ADHD, with evidence of clinical effectiveness. Yet, the impact of atomoxetine on objective measures of a range of cognitive and emotional function has not been studied. Several lines of evidence indicate it is effective for these functions. Atomoxetine has been shown to alleviate inhibitory capacity, while stimulants have not. Common disturbances may underlie abnormal inhibitory capacity and impaired emotional recognition in ADHD that is best treated with atomoxetine rather than stimulants. The primary aims of this project are to: (1) Examine the efficacy of a non-stimulant medication (atomoxetine) in ADHD using a randomised controlled design. (2) Demonstrate that atomoxetine has efficacy for both cognitive and emotional functions, assessed using objective tests, with indicators of clinical improvement. The outcomes from this project will be a significant step towards a 'personalised medicine' approach to ADHD, providing clinicians with increased options in the treatment of ADHD. Should atomoxetine prove to be efficacious for stimulant non-responders it would contribute to reducing the significant social and financial burden of this disorder.