Effect of Dexmedetomidine on the Minimum Alveolar Concentration of Sevoflurane

This pediatric anesthesia study is measuring how much the sedative drug dexmedetomidine reduces the required dose of sevoflurane (an inhaled anesthetic gas) in young children having surgery. Understanding this interaction helps anesthesiologists use lower doses of gas anesthetic, which may reduce side effects and help children wake up more comfortably after surgery. You may be eligible if: - Your child is between 1 month and 3 years old - Your child is scheduled for a surgical procedure You may NOT be eligible if: - Your child has interstitial lung disease, chest wall disease, or bronchospastic disease with recent flare-ups - Your child has a history of difficult intubation or airway malformation - Your child has congenital heart disease or cardiac arrhythmias - Your child has a neurological condition such as developmental delay, cerebral palsy, or seizure disorder - Your child or a family member has a history of malignant hyperthermia - Your child has electrolyte disorders, gastrointestinal disease, liver or kidney dysfunction, or diabetes - Your child is obese (above the 95th percentile BMI for age) - Your child was born prematurely (before 37 weeks) - Your child takes medications that may affect anesthetic requirements Talk to your doctor to see if this trial is right for you.