RecruitingPhase 2Phase 3NCT04195256

Intranasal Dexmedetomidine Plus Ketamine for Procedural Sedation

Intranasal Dexmedetomidine Plus Ketamine for Procedural Sedation in Children: an Adaptive Randomized Controlled Non-inferiority Multicenter Trial


Sponsor

Naveen Poonai

Enrollment

400 participants

Start Date

Mar 11, 2020

Study Type

INTERVENTIONAL

Conditions

Summary

Orthopedic injuries comprise more than 10% of ED visits in children and 25 to 50% of children will sustain a fracture before age 16 years. Distal radius fractures account for 20-32% of fractures in children, making them the most common fracture type. Between 20 and 40% of extremity fractures in children require a closed reduction, often necessitating procedural sedation and analgesia (PSA). Intravenous (IV) ketamine is the most commonly used sedative agent used to perform a closed reduction. However, children rate IV insertion as the most painful hospital experience, second only to the injury itself. IV insertion can be more technically difficult in children because of smaller veins and lack of cooperation, often leading to multiple IV attempts. A combination of intranasal (IN) dexmedetomidine plus ketamine (IN Ketodex) may provide effective sedation for children undergoing a closed reduction without the distress and pain related to IV insertion. A less painful experience has been found to correlate with child satisfaction which may reduce caregiver anxiety and improve the therapeutic relationship with the health care team. This study is a multi-centre, two-arm, randomized, blinded, controlled, non-inferiority trial designed to test the hypothesis that IN Ketodex is non-inferior to intravenous (IV) ketamine with respect to depth of sedation as measured using the Pediatrics Sedation State Scale (PSSS).


Eligibility

Min Age: 2 YearsMax Age: 17 Years

Plain Language Summary

Simplified for easier understanding

This study tests whether a combination of two medications sprayed into the nose — dexmedetomidine and ketamine (called "IN Ketodex") — can sedate children as effectively as intravenous (IV) ketamine for procedures like setting a broken bone, without the pain and distress of getting an IV placed. Distal radius fractures are the most common type of fracture in children, and many require sedation for reduction, making a needle-free option valuable. Eligible participants are children aged 2–17 weighing up to 100 kg who have a closed forearm fracture, metacarpal or phalangeal fracture, or shoulder/elbow dislocation requiring sedation, with both nostrils unobstructed and no prior reaction to either drug. Participation involves being randomly assigned to receive either the intranasal combination or standard IV ketamine, with sedation depth monitored throughout the procedure. This summary was prepared using AI to help patients understand the study in plain language.

This summary was AI-generated to explain the trial in plain language. It is not medical advice. Always discuss eligibility with your doctor before enrolling in a clinical trial.

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Interventions

DRUGIN Ketodex (D4K2)

Dexmedetomidine (Pfizer, Kirkland, Quebec), single-dose, 4 mcg/kg (0.04 mL/kg) of 100 mcg/mL solution, maximum of 200 mcg (2 mL) THEN Ketamine (Sandoz, Mississauga, Ontario), single dose, 2 mg/kg (0.04 mL/kg) of 50 mg/mL solution, maximum of 200 mg (4 mL) (D4K2), both delivered intranasally using a mucosal atomizer device (MAD) and divided to both nares AND 0.9% normal saline 0.03 mL/kg delivered intravenously to a maximum of 2 mL

DRUGIN Ketodex (D3K3)

Dexmedetomidine (Pfizer, Kirkland, Quebec), single-dose, 3 mcg/kg (0.03 mL/kg) of 100 mcg/mL solution, maximum of 200 mcg (2 mL) THEN Ketamine (Sandoz, Mississauga, Ontario), single dose, 3 mg/kg (0.06 mL/kg) of 50 mg/mL solution, maximum of 300 mg (6 mL) (D3K3), both delivered intranasally using a mucosal atomizer device (MAD) and divided to both nares AND 0.9% normal saline 0.03 mL/kg delivered intravenously to a maximum of 2 mL

DRUGIN Ketodex (D2K4)

Dexmedetomidine (Pfizer, Kirkland, Quebec), single-dose, 2 mcg/kg (0.02 mL/kg) of 100 mcg/mL solution, maximum of 200 mcg (2 mL) THEN Ketamine (Sandoz, Mississauga, Ontario), single dose, 4 mg/kg (0.08 mL/kg) of 50 mg/mL solution, maximum of 400 mg (8 mL) (D2K4), both delivered intranasally using a mucosal atomizer device (MAD) and divided to both nares AND 0.9% normal saline 0.03 mL/kg delivered intravenously to a maximum of 2 mL

DRUGIV Ketamine

Ketamine, single dose, 1.5 mg/kg (0.03 mL/kg) of 50 mg/mL solution delivered intravenously, to a maximum of 100 mg (2 mL) AND two aliquots of 0.9% normal saline in 3 possible combinations: (i) 0.04 mL/kg (max 2 mL) then 0.04 mL/kg (max 4 mL) (placebo D4K2), (ii) 0.03 mL/kg (max 2 mL) then 0.06 mL/kg (max 6 mL) (placebo D3K3), (iii) 0.02 mL/kg (max 2 mL) then 0.08 mL/kg (max 8 mL) (placebo D2K4), delivered intranasally using a MAD and divided to both nares


Locations(6)

Stollery Children's Hospital

Edmonton, Alberta, Canada

BC Children's Hospital

Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada

McMaster Children's Hospital

Hamilton, Ontario, Canada

London Health Sciences Centre

London, Ontario, Canada

Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario

Ottawa, Ontario, Canada

Winnipeg Children's Hospital

Winnipeg, Ontario, Canada

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NCT04195256


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