Effects of Modified Precision Functional Sphincter-Preserving Surgery (PPS) on Ultralow Rectal Cancer

This study is testing a modified surgical technique for very low rectal cancer — cancers located close to the anal opening. The goal is to remove the cancer while preserving the muscles that control bowel movements (the sphincter), so patients can avoid a permanent colostomy bag. **You may be eligible if...** - You have been newly diagnosed with rectal cancer (adenocarcinoma) - The bottom edge of your tumor is less than 3 cm from the dentate line (the boundary between different tissue types inside the anus) - Your cancer is at an early to moderate stage (T3 or less) **You may NOT be eligible if...** - The tumor is less than 1 cm from the dentate line - Your cancer is locally advanced - Your cancer has spread to other parts of the body or has come back after prior treatment - You have another cancer at the same time - You have uncontrolled medical conditions - You have impaired anal muscle function before surgery - You have a bowel obstruction or perforation from the cancer - You are pregnant or breastfeeding Talk to your doctor to see if this trial is right for you.