Role of Citicoline in Treatment of Neonates With Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy

Hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy is an acute or subacute brain injury, due to asphyxia in neonates, leading to mortality and long-term morbidity. Its prevalence varies across regions, with developed countries reporting rates of 1.5 per 1000 live births, while developing nations experience a wider range from 2.3 to 26.5 per 1000 live births. Infants afflicted with moderate HIE face a 10% risk of mortality, with surviving individuals encountering a 30% chance of developing disabilities. The prognosis is graver for severe HIE, with a mortality risk of 60%, and nearly all survivors experiencing some form of disability.