The Effects of Eccentric Cycling Exercise Program in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients
To Explore Efficacy and Load of Eccentric Cycling Training in Older CKD Patients with or Without Sarcopenia
National Cheng Kung University
90 participants
Jul 1, 2023
INTERVENTIONAL
Conditions
Summary
Progress in medical technology, enhancements in environmental cleanliness, and elevated living conditions have notably prolonged the mean life expectancy, resulting in a swift increase in the aging population. The prevalence of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is more pronounced among the elderly in contrast to younger demographics. With the aging of the CKD population, the capacity to autonomously handle daily activities becomes a critical concern. This demographic frequently encounters concurrent health conditions, a decrease in self-care capabilities, general health decline, and diminished quality of life. Recent studies suggest that physical activity has the potential to enhance cardiovascular health, cardiopulmonary endurance, muscle strength, quality of life, uremic toxin management, and inflammation levels among individuals with CKD. Given that CKD patients often exhibit sedentary behavior and reduced exercise capacity, eccentric cycling exercises may be particularly well-suited for this demographic. Compared to concentric contractions, eccentric contractions subject the muscles to higher tension. Since muscle growth partially depends on the "stress exerted on muscle fibers"-meaning the greater the stress, the more stimulation the muscles receive-training focused on eccentric contractions could provide more stimulation and promote greater muscle growth. In recent studies, eccentric cycling has emerged as a feasible and promising aerobic exercise intervention. It can provide a safe and appropriate amount of exercise while relatively reducing joint pressure. This novel combined aerobic and anaerobic exercise method is particularly beneficial for individuals with weaker lower limb muscles, lower joint pressure tolerance, poor metabolic and cardiovascular function, and a tendency to fatigue.
Eligibility
Inclusion Criteria5
- This study will be conducted in collaboration with the Departments of Nephrology and Geriatric Medicine at National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Taiwan. Participants will be recruited as voluntary subjects from outpatient clinics. The attending physician will assess eligible patients. After the study's purpose and methodology are explained by the research staff and patients consent to participate, block randomization will be used to assign participants into one of three groups randomly. The allocation results will be securely stored by the principal investigator.
- (1) Clinical diagnosis of CKD
- (2) eGFR \<60 ml/min/1.73m\^2 or undergoing routine dialysis
- (3) Must be able to communicate normally, understand and comply with instructions.
- (4) Must be able to walk independently.
Exclusion Criteria6
- (1) Clinical diagnosis of acute renal failure
- (2) Hospitalization for acute illness within the past three months
- (3) Clinical diagnosis of severe joint disease and lower extremity surgery
- (4) Clinical diagnosis of severe neurological disease
- (5) Clinical diagnosis of severe cardiovascular disease
- (6) Unconsciousness or lack of ability to cooperate with the assessment
Interventions
Participants were randomly allocated to one of three groups: control (CTL), concentric cycling training (CON), or eccentric cycling training (ECC). CTL: Received standard health education guidance. CON and ECC: Participants in both the CON and ECC groups engaged in 24 exercise sessions, performed three times per week, lasting between 20 and 30 minutes. Both groups trained on a stationary bicycle, with the CON group performing concentric cycling and the ECC group performing eccentric cycling. The exercise intensity for both groups was set to a rating of perceived exertion (RPE) level of 13. Sessions began at 20 minutes and increased incrementally by 3-5 minutes each week until participants could sustain a 30-minute duration. The initial exercise intensity was set at 50% of the maximal output determined by a cardiopulmonary exercise test, and it was progressively increased by 5-10% of the estimated target power weekly, with adjustments made primarily to maintain an RPE of 13.
Locations(1)
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NCT06551311