HPV Vaccine Reduced Dose
Comparing the Antibody and B Cell Responses Induced by 1- or 2-dose 9-valent HPV (9vHPV) Vaccination in Healthy Adults
Emory University
100 participants
Aug 6, 2025
INTERVENTIONAL
Conditions
Summary
This study aims to answer the question: does 1-dose HPV vaccination generate the same immune responses compared to 2- or 3-dose HPV vaccination? This will be done by studying the immune response in blood, lymph nodes, and bone marrow. Human papillomaviruses (HPV) cause cancers (cervical, anal, oropharyngeal, vulvar, vaginal, and penile), and the current HPV vaccine is highly effective at preventing disease by HPV types that cause 90% of cancer cases. While this vaccine generates high levels of antibodies that last for \> 10 years, understanding of how this occurs is limited, and studying this immune response will help design new and better vaccines. The study population consists of healthy adult (age 18-45) participants who have not previously received an HPV vaccine, do not have antibodies against certain types of HPV, do not have a history of HPV infection or disease (such as genital warts, abnormal pap test, or HPV DNA test), and do not have contraindications to study procedures. Populations of increased concern are not being enrolled.
Eligibility
Inclusion Criteria8
- Individuals aged 18-45 years old (inclusive), as the HPV vaccine is approved for this age range in adults
- BMI ≤ 32
- Able to understand and give informed consent (in American English).
- In good health based on physical examination, vital signs, medical history, and the investigator's clinical judgment.
- Available and willing to participate for the duration of this study
- Willing to undergo lymph node fine needle aspiration and bone marrow aspiration
- Willing to consent to the future use of remaining (residual) samples/specimens with IRB review
- Willing to defer completion of the recommended 9vHPV series
Exclusion Criteria23
- Ever received a dose of an HPV vaccine
- HPV 6, 11, 16, 18, 31, 33, 45, 52 or 58 seropositivity
- Any history of genital warts, an abnormal pap smear, or positive HPV DNA test
- Known allergy or history of anaphylaxis or other serious adverse reaction to a vaccine or vaccine products
- Known allergy or history of anaphylaxis to yeast or products containing yeast.
- Any allergy to lidocaine.
- Pregnancy or breastfeeding.
- Participants who believe they cannot tolerate the lymph node fine needle aspirate or bone marrow aspirate procedures without general sedation
- Any history of lymphoma involving axillary nodes, any history of breast cancer, bilateral inflammatory process of upper arms in the past 2 weeks, prior breast or axillary biopsy and/or surgery that in the opinion of the investigator would affect the immune response results.
- Local infection, lymphadenitis, or rash in the targeted area.
- History of or presence of severe co-morbidities as determined by the investigator, including autoimmune disease, or clinically significant cardiac, pulmonary, gastrointestinal, hepatic, rheumatologic, renal disease, thrombocytopenia, and grade 4 hypertension** (**Grade 4 hypertension per CTCAE criteria is defined as life-threatening consequences (e.g., malignant hypertension, transient or permanent neurologic deficit, hypertensive)
- History of active malignancy other than squamous cell or basal cell skin cancer, unless there was a surgical excision considered to have achieved a cure.
- Current and/or expected immunosuppression due to cancer, receipt of chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and other immunosuppressive therapies (including anti-TNF therapy).
- Known or suspected congenital or acquired immunodeficiency, including functional or anatomic asplenia, or recent history or current use of immunosuppressive therapy****. (****Anti-cancer chemotherapy or radiation therapy within the preceding 3 years, or long-term (≥2 weeks within the previous 3 months) systemic corticosteroid therapy (e.g., prednisone at a dosage of ≥20 mg per day or on alternative days). Intranasal or topical prednisone (or equivalent) is allowed)
- Known chronic infections including, but not limited to, HIV, tuberculosis, hepatitis B or C.
- Is post-organ, bone marrow, and/or stem cell transplant, whether or not on chronic immunosuppressive therapy.
- Received blood products or immunoglobulin 3 months before study entry or planned use during this study.
- Had major surgery (per the investigator's judgment) within 4 weeks before study entry or planned major surgery during this study.
- Insulin-dependent diabetes***** mellitus type 1 or type 2 requiring therapy. (*****History of isolated gestational diabetes is not an exclusion criterion)
- Received experimental therapeutic agents within 12 months before the first vaccine dose or plans to receive any experimental therapeutic agents 12 months after the first vaccine dose that, at the investigator's discretion, would interfere with the safety or objectives of the study. COVID-19 vaccines that fall under FDA EUA will be treated as approved vaccines for this study.
- Is currently participating or plans to participate in another clinical study that would involve the receipt of an investigational product or undergo a procedure that, in the investigator's opinion would interfere with the safety or objectives of the study.
- Current diagnosed or self-reported alcohol abuse, drug abuse, or psychiatric conditions that in the opinion of the investigator would preclude compliance with the study.
- Social, occupational, or any other condition that in the investigator's discretion might interfere with compliance with the study.
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Interventions
The 9-valent HPV VLP vaccine is a sterile liquid suspension prepared by combining the adsorbed VLPs of each HPV type and additional amounts of the aluminum-containing adjuvant and the final purification buffer. The 9-valent HPV vaccine, or Gardasil-9, is a sterile suspension for intramuscular administration. Each 0.5-mL dose of the vaccine also contains approximately 500 mcg of aluminum (provided as AAHS), 9.56 mg of sodium chloride, 0.78 mg of L-histidine, 50 mcg of polysorbate 80, 35 mcg of sodium borate, \<7 mcg yeast protein, and water for injection. The product does not contain a preservative or antibiotics. Gardasil-9 is supplied as a 0.5-mL single-dose vial or 0.5-mL single-dose prefilled Luer Lock syringe with tip cap. After thorough agitation, GARDASIL 9 is a white, cloudy liquid.
Lidocaine 1% will be injected intradermally and subcutaneously into the margin of the lymph node to be sampled to numb the area. To confer local anesthesia, 1-2% will be injected into the tissue surrounding the area where the bone marrow will be removed.
Lorazepam, an FDA-approved benzodiazepine, will be administered as an anxiolytic before the bone marrow aspirate procedure per the clinician who will perform the procedure. If needed, lorazepam will be administered sublingually per manufacturer dosing recommendations.
Locations(1)
View Full Details on ClinicalTrials.gov
For the most up-to-date information, visit the official listing.
NCT06799494