RecruitingNot ApplicableNCT06817330

The Effect of a Music Intervention on Postictal Agitation in Electroconvulsive Therapy Patients

the Effect of a MUsic Intervention on poStictal Agitation in Electroconvulsive Therapy Patients: the MUSE Trial

Sponsor

Erasmus Medical Center

Enrollment

92 participants

Start Date

Nov 25, 2025

Study Type

INTERVENTIONAL

Conditions

Music Intervention Electroconvulsive Therapy Treated Patients Agitation on Recovery From Sedation

Summary

This study will investigate the effect of music on postictal agitation when played peri-interventionally for patients undergoing electroconvulsive therapy for severe depression.

Eligibility

Min Age: 18 Years

Inclusion Criteria5

Patients undergoing ECT treatment for depression (including depression as part of bipolar disorder)
Adult patients (≥18 years)
Hypnotic agent used is etomidate
Sufficient understanding of the Dutch language (in judgement of the attending physician or researcher)
Written informed consent by patient or legal representative

Exclusion Criteria3

Significant impaired hearing (defined as unable to communicate verbally or listen to music)
Severe neurological condition (defined as interfering with the ability to process music)
Patients receiving ECT for treatment of schizophrenic disorders

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Interventions

OTHERIntervention group, listening to recorded music

Participants in the group receiving music will be offered a tablet with several pre-created playlists. When the patient has made a selection, they will listen to music via headphones for 30 minutes before each ECT treatment session. The headphones will be removed and the music stopped after the 30 minutes. After active ECT treatment, the headphones will be put back on the patient and the music played for another 12 minutes while the patient is recovering and moved to the recovery room. If patients protest against the music and/or headphones, the researcher will ask them to put the headphones back on. If the patient still protests after asking to put the headphones back on, this will be written down by the researcher, with the amount of time without the (control) intervention noted. No coercion will be used during the whole study process.

OTHERControl group, headphones with no music

The control group will wear headphones without music for the same duration as the music group (30 minutes before ECT and 12 minutes after ECT) to reduce bias and achieve a similar level of background-noise dampening.