Continous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) Support for Acute Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure in Burkina Faso
Use of (Continous Positive Airway Pressure) CPAP in the Management of Acute Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure
Université NAZI BONI
240 participants
Jul 9, 2025
INTERVENTIONAL
Conditions
Summary
Acute respiratory failure (ARF) is a frequent medical emergency, involving high costs for health organizations and patients who often require intensive care and respiratory assistance. According to an international study, 61% of hypoxemic patients in intensive care receive invasive ventilation \[3\]. Invasive mechanical ventilation is often unavailable in low-income countries and non-invasive ventilatory supports such as continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) and high-flow oxygen therapy (HFO) were very useful during the COVID-19 pandemic. They reduced the rate of intubation and ICU admissions. In addition, CPAP can be used without a ventilator, no electricity is required. So, it could be a support of choice in low-income countries. Used of Boussignac-type CPAP could potentially reduce the recourse to intubation in patients with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure in a context where access to invasive ventilation remains very limited.
Eligibility
Inclusion Criteria3
- All patients aged 18 years and older will be included in the study if they meet at least one of the following criteria :
- Acute respiratory distress, defined as dyspnea respiratory rate ≥ 25 cycles/min
- Hypoxemia, defined as the need for more 6 liters of oxygen to maintain an oxygen saturation (SpO2) of ≥ 92%. The fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) will be estimated using the 3% rule.
Exclusion Criteria10
- Patients with any of the following criteria will not be included in the study:
- Pregnant or breastfeeding women
- Persons deprived of their liberty
- Exacerbation of asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, or another chronic respiratory disease
- Moderate to large amount of unilateral or bilateral undrained pleural effusion
- Contraindication to CPAP: patient refusal, undrained pneumothorax, chest injury, repeated or large vomiting, upper gastrointestinal bleeding, craniofacial trauma, severe upper airway obstruction, or tetraplegia in the initial phase
- Cardiac arrest, severe arrhythmias, shock requiring the use of vasopressors (norepinephrine, adrenaline, dopamine)
- Altered level of consciousness (Glasgow Coma Scale score < 13), repeated seizures, or status epilepticus
- Medical decision to limit treatment: no intubation, no admission to intensive care
- Refusal to participate in the study or participation in another interventional study on respiratory distress or acute respiratory failure.
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Interventions
Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) with Boussignac valve
Locations(4)
View Full Details on ClinicalTrials.gov
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NCT06912360