SGLT2i, Ketoacidosis, Volume Contraction, and Insulinopenia

This study looks at a rare but serious side effect of SGLT2 inhibitor medications (used for diabetes and heart failure) called diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) — a dangerous buildup of acids in the blood. Researchers want to understand how factors like low insulin and dehydration contribute to this risk so it can be better prevented. **You may be eligible if...** - You are taking or have taken an SGLT2 inhibitor medication for diabetes or heart failure - You are willing to participate in study procedures to measure ketone and insulin levels - You meet the age and health requirements **You may NOT be eligible if...** - You have type 1 diabetes - You have severe kidney disease - You have conditions that make the study procedures unsafe - You are pregnant Talk to your doctor to see if this trial is right for you.