pH1N1 Blinded Challenge Study

Exclusion Criteria59

• Able to take oral medication and willing to receive oseltamivir phosphate and/or baloxavir marboxil as part of the study.
• Participants of childbearing potential* agree to the use of acceptable forms of contraception** for at least 30 days prior to enrollment and agree to use such a method during study participation.
• *Childbearing potential in a participant is defined as not sterilized via tubal ligation, bilateral oophorectomy, salpingectomy, hysterectomy, or successful Essure(R) placement (permanent, non-surgical, non-hormonal sterilization) with documented radiological confirmation test at least 90 days after the procedure, and still menstruating or <1 year since last menses if menopausal.
• **Acceptable forms of primary contraception include true abstinence (100% of time no insertional sexual intercourse), or, if heterosexual intercourse is anticipated, monogamous relationship with a vasectomized partner who has been vasectomized for 180 days or more prior to enrollment, intrauterine devices, birth control pills, condoms, and injectable/implantable/insertable/transdermal hormonal birth control products. Must use at least one acceptable form of contraception for at least 30 days prior to enrollment and through study completion.
• Non-smoker or non-habitual smoker* of tobacco, e-cigarettes, or marijuana
• *A non-habitual smoker is a person who smokes no more than four cigarettes, other tobacco products, e-cigarettes (to include vaping and Juul products), and/or marijuana in a week.
• No self-reported or known history of alcoholism within the 2 years prior to enrollment.
• No self-reported or known history of illicit drug use for at least 30 days prior to enrollment.
• Agrees not to use the listed prescription or over the counter medications* within 7 days prior to confinement and through the confinement period**.
• *Oseltamivir, zanamivir, peramivir, baloxavir marboxil, amantadine, rimantadine, aspirin, intranasal steroids, decongestants, antihistamines, and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
• **An exception can be made with the approval of the site PI or designated clinician licensed to make medical diagnoses and listed on Form FDA 1572
• Screening pulse is 55 to 100 beats per minute, inclusive*
• *Screening pulse values in the normal range or with grade 1 abnormalities deemed not clinically significant by the site PI or designated clinician licensed to make medical diagnoses and listed on Form FDA 1572 are considered acceptable.
• Screening systolic blood pressure is 90 to 140 mmHg, inclusive*
• *Screening systolic blood pressure values in the normal range or with grade 1 abnormalities deemed not clinically significant by the site PI or designated clinician licensed to make medical diagnoses and listed on Form FDA 1572 are considered acceptable.
• Screening diastolic blood pressure is 55 to 90 mmHg, inclusive*
• *Screening diastolic blood pressure values in the normal range or with grade 1 abnormalities deemed not clinically significant by the site PI or designated clinician licensed to make medical diagnoses and listed on Form FDA 1572 are considered acceptable.
• Screening SpO2 >/= 95 percent
• Screening respiratory rate is </= 16
• Screening oral temperature is <100.4 degrees Fahrenheit
• Screening body mass index (BMI) >/=18.5 and <40 kg/m\^2 at screening 19 Screening
• Screening lab test results are within acceptable parameters:*
• White blood cell (WBC), Absolute lymphocyte count (ALC), Hemoglobin (Hgb), Platelet (PLT). Lab tests within normal range or with grade 1 abnormalities deemed not clinically significant by the site PI or designated clinician licensed to make medical diagnoses and listed on Form FDA 1572 are considered acceptable.
• Alanine transferase (ALT), Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST), Gamma-Glutamyl Transferase, Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP), Total Bilirubin, and Creatinine (Cr). Low values are acceptable for trial inclusion as they are not considered to be clinically significant.
• Has a negative test result for hepatitis B surface antigen, hepatitis C virus antibody*, or HIV types 1 or 2 antibodies at screening.
• *Persons testing positive for hepatitis C virus antibody with a history of treatment and a negative HCV viral load may be acceptable in the opinion of the site PI or designated clinician licensed to make medical diagnoses and listed on Form FDA 1572.
• Electrocardiogram (ECG) and chest X-ray (CXR) at screening are within normal range or are not deemed clinically significant*
• *As determined by the site PI or designated clinician licensed to make medical diagnoses and listed on Form FDA 1572.
• Negative respiratory virus panel (including influenza A and B, and SARS-CoV-2) by certified polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based assay on Day -2 and Day -1.
• Agrees to remain in the confinement unit for at least 6 days after enrollment and until they meet discharge criteria.
• Agrees to adhere to lifestyle considerations during the study. Note: Deviations of lifestyle considerations will be reported as protocol deviations but not as eligibility deviations.
• A history (self-reported or medically documented) of medical or psychiatric condition(s)* or physical exam finding that precludes participation.
• Any condition that, in the opinion of the site PI or designated clinician licensed to make medical diagnoses and listed on Form FDA 1572, might interfere with the safety of the participant and/or study objectives including, but not limited to the following:
• Respiratory disease (e.g., chronic obstructive pulmonary disease \[COPD\], asthma) requiring daily medications (Inhaled, oral, or intravenous corticosteroids, leukotriene modifiers, long and short acting beta agonists, theophylline, ipratropium, biologics) or any treatment for respiratory disease exacerbations (e.g., asthma exacerbation) within the last 5 years
• Significant cardiovascular disease (e.g., congestive heart failure, cardiomyopathy, ischemic heart disease) or history of myocarditis or pericarditis as an adult
• Neurological or neurodevelopmental conditions (e.g., epilepsy, stroke, encephalopathy, Guillain-Barre syndrome, encephalomyelitis, or transverse myelitis). A history of febrile seizures during childhood alone is not diagnostic of epilepsy.
• Anatomic or neurologic abnormality impairing the gag reflex or contributing to aspiration
• Significant abnormality altering anatomy of nose/nasopharynx (including significant nasal polyps), clinically significant nasal deviation, nasal/sinus surgery within 180 days prior to enrollment, spontaneous epistaxis requiring medical care within 180 days prior to enrollment, chronic or recurrent sinusitis (four or more distinct episodes of sinusitis, with symptom-free intervals between episodes) in the last year prior to enrollment
• Significant immunodeficiency
• Known infection by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) or hepatitis B virus, or known untreated hepatitis C virus infection
• Ongoing malignancy or diagnosis of malignancy in the last five years (excluding squamous cell or basal cell carcinoma of the skin)
• Diabetes
• Blood dyscrasias or significant disorder of coagulation
• HAI antibody titer >1:40 against influenza A/Arkansas/08/2020 (pH1N1) at screening
• Current or within 4-month use of medications that may be associated with impaired immune responsiveness* *Including, but not limited to, immunoglobulin, interferon, immunomodulators, cytotoxic drugs, or systemic corticosteroids (i.e., exceeding 14 days of use and/or exceeding 10 mg/ day prednisone equivalent) or other similar or toxic drugs during the preceding 3-month period prior to screening. Low dose systemic corticosteroids (10mg/day or lower of prednisone) for 14 days or fewer are permitted. Low dose topical and intranasal steroid preparations are allowed, if not within 7 days of challenge or during the confinement period.
• Current pregnancy* or lactation
• *Participants of childbearing potential must have a negative serum pregnancy test at screening, a negative urine pregnancy test after admission to the confinement unit but before challenge, and a negative pregnancy test before any CXR (if >/= 7 days have passed since a serum pregnancy test).
• Presence of an internal cardiac device such as a pacemaker or other implanted electronic medical devices
• Has received blood or blood products in the last six months or has plans to donate blood or blood products in the duration of the study
• History of a previous severe allergic reaction to any drug or biologic with generalized urticaria, angioedema, or anaphylaxis
• Allergy or intolerance to treatments for influenza (including any neuraminidase inhibitors or baloxavir marboxil)
• Allergy to two or more classes of antibiotics (e.g., penicillins, cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones, or glycopeptides)
• Allergy to excipients in the challenge virus inoculum
• Presence of any febrile illness or symptoms suggestive of a respiratory infection at the time of enrollment, the time of confinement, or Day 1 pre-challenge
• Close contact with anyone known or suspected to have a respiratory viral illness within 7 days prior to enrollment
• Currently enrolled in any other investigational study or plans to enroll in any other study within the period of this study*
• *Co-enrollment in an observational study, an investigational study in a follow-up/post vaccination stage, or a study involving a licensed drug or biologic may be allowed at the discretion of the site PI or designated clinician licensed to make medical diagnoses and listed on Form FDA 1572.
• Received any live vaccine in the 4 weeks prior to enrollment.
• Received any influenza vaccine in the 4 months prior to enrollment or plans to receive influenza vaccine during the study