Long Term Effect of Brain Stimulation in PPA

Exclusion Criteria14

• Patient diagnosed with a condition other than PPA that could cause language impairment;
• History of epilepsy or presence of focal epileptiform pathology on EEG recording; ·Contraindications related to the treatments or procedures to be used (TMS and tDCS), such as ferromagnetic material, pregnancy, or breastfeeding;
• Terminal illness or active malignancy;
• Alcohol or substance abuse within the past year;
• Major psychiatric disorders (schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorders, bipolar disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, or personality disorders);
• Absolute inability to communicate (mutism), or poor command of the language that, in the investigator's judgment, would prevent participation in the study;
• Severity of PPA that prevents participation in interventions or assessments at the time of inclusion;
• Participation in another clinical trial within the previous 4 months;
• Chronic use of medications that could affect study outcomes;
• Antiepileptic drugs: allowed if on stable doses for at least 3 months before inclusion. If needed during the study due to seizure occurrence, they may be added;
• Diazepam and derivatives: permitted only if on stable doses for at least 3 months before inclusion. Dose adjustments during the study are allowed;
• Donepezil, Galantamine, Rivastigmine, and Memantine: allowed if on stable doses for at least 3 months before inclusion;
• SSRIs (Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors): permitted only if on stable doses for at least 3 months prior to inclusion. If necessary during the study, they may be added;
• Medications that may lower the seizure threshold (e.g., tricyclic antidepressants, antipsychotics): allowed if on stable doses for at least 3 months before inclusion.