RecruitingNot ApplicableNCT07463105

Virtual Reality-Based Rehabilitation Versus Conventional Therapy in Patients With Chronic Low Back Pain

Effects of Virtual Reality-Based Rehabilitation Compared With Conventional Physiotherapy on Motor and Psychosocial Function in Patients With Chronic Low Back Pain: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Sponsor

University of Rzeszow

Enrollment

80 participants

Start Date

Apr 1, 2026

Study Type

INTERVENTIONAL

Conditions

Chronic Low-back Pain

Summary

This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of rehabilitation using virtual reality compared with conventional physiotherapy in patients with chronic low back pain. The study will be conducted as a prospective, randomized controlled trial including 80 patients aged 40-65 years diagnosed with chronic low back pain lasting at least three months. Participants will be randomly assigned to two groups: an experimental group receiving conventional rehabilitation supplemented with non-immersive virtual reality training using the Tecnobody Homing Studio system, and a control group receiving conventional rehabilitation alone. Both groups will participate in a four-week rehabilitation program. The virtual reality training will replace a portion of conventional exercises and will focus on improving movement quality, postural control, coordination, and functional mobility through interactive tasks with visual and auditory biofeedback. The system utilizes a 3D camera enabling markerless motion analysis and real-time visual feedback to support movement correction and identification of functional deficits. Outcome measures will include assessments of balance, posture, joint mobility, lower limb strength and endurance, pain intensity, pressure pain threshold, kinesiophobia, perceived stress, anxiety and depression, functional disability, quality of life, and motivation for physical activity. Measurements will be conducted at baseline, immediately after completion of the four-week rehabilitation program, and at an eight-week follow-up. The results of this study are expected to provide clinical evidence regarding the effectiveness of virtual reality-assisted rehabilitation in patients with chronic low back pain and may contribute to the development of evidence-based rehabilitation strategies incorporating digital technologies.

Eligibility

Min Age: 40 YearsMax Age: 65 Years

Inclusion Criteria8

Diagnosis of chronic low back pain lasting at least 3 months
Average pain intensity ≥4/10 during the previous week on the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS)
Age between 40 and 65 years
Ability to walk independently without assistive devices
Functional disability related to low back pain defined as Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) ≥15%
No contraindications to participation in a physiotherapy program or virtual reality training
Ability to understand study procedures and follow instructions
Written informed consent to participate in the study

Exclusion Criteria9

Acute low back pain or pain lasting less than 3 months
Neurological, orthopedic, rheumatological, oncological diseases or active inflammatory conditions that may affect study outcomes
Cognitive impairment limiting the ability to understand instructions or participate in rehabilitation
Contraindications to virtual reality training such as severe dizziness, nausea, epilepsy, or severe visual or auditory impairment
Contraindications to body composition analysis (e.g., implanted cardiac pacemaker or other electronic implants)
Unstable medical condition or uncontrolled cardiovascular or respiratory disorders preventing participation in rehabilitation
Participation in other rehabilitation programs during the study period
Failure to complete the four-week rehabilitation program
Lack of written informed consent

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Interventions

OTHERVirtual Reality-Assisted Rehabilitation

Non-immersive virtual reality training using the Tecnobody Homing Studio system. The intervention consists of interactive therapeutic exercises aimed at improving postural control, coordination, movement quality, and functional mobility through task-oriented activities with visual and auditory biofeedback. The system uses a three-dimensional camera for markerless motion analysis and real-time movement feedback. The virtual reality exercises replace a portion of conventional rehabilitation exercises during a four-week rehabilitation program.

OTHERConventional Rehabilitation

Standard physiotherapy program consisting of therapeutic exercises aimed at improving spinal mobility, core stability, balance, coordination, and lower limb functional performance. The rehabilitation program includes task-oriented exercises and postural control training performed under the supervision of a physiotherapist during a four-week intervention period.