Autonomic Regulation of Blood Pressure and Heart Rate During Orthostasis and Exercise in Healthy and Hypertensive Individuals

This study is investigating how the body's nervous system automatically regulates blood pressure and heart rate when a person stands up (orthostasis) or exercises. It compares healthy young adults to older adults with high blood pressure, including those who also have diabetes or who experience blood pressure changes when standing. Understanding these differences may improve how doctors manage high blood pressure and related conditions. **You may be eligible if...** - You are a healthy adult aged 18–35 with no known chronic disease, non-smoker, with a normal BMI, OR - You are 60 or older with controlled high blood pressure (with or without diabetes or abnormal blood pressure responses when standing) - You are able to provide written consent and safely complete exercise testing **You may NOT be eligible if...** - You have dementia, a neurodegenerative disease, or cognitive impairment - You have serious heart disease, including heart failure, a recent heart attack, or significant irregular heartbeat - Your blood pressure is uncontrolled - Your blood pressure medication was changed in the past 4 weeks - You have a cardiac pacemaker - You are taking certain medications that strongly affect heart rate - You have severe kidney or liver disease - You are a current smoker - You have a BMI of 35 or above - You are pregnant or breastfeeding Talk to your doctor to see if this trial is right for you.