Volumetric Efficacy of Alveolar Ridge Preservation

The goal of this clinical trial is to compare the effectiveness of four post-extraction socket management approaches in preserving alveolar ridge dimensions following tooth extraction in adults requiring implant-supported rehabilitation in posterior regions. The main questions it aims to answer are: * Which treatment approach provides the greatest preservation of hard- and soft-tissue dimensions 12 weeks after tooth extraction? * Does the use of a dense polytetrafluoroethylene (d-PTFE) membrane improve alveolar ridge preservation compared with approaches that do not use a membrane? * Are there differences among the treatment groups regarding postoperative healing, complications, pain, and bone regeneration? Researchers will compare spontaneous socket healing, autologous blood clot with d-PTFE membrane, autologous blood clot with leukocyte- and platelet-rich fibrin (L-PRF), and autologous blood clot with L-PRF plus d-PTFE membrane to determine which approach provides the best preservation of alveolar ridge dimensions and tissue healing. Participants will: * Undergo tooth extraction and be randomly assigned to one of four treatment groups. * Receive clinical examinations, intraoral scans, photographs, and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) imaging at scheduled follow-up visits. * Complete assessments of postoperative pain and oral health-related quality of life. * Undergo implant placement 12 weeks after tooth extraction, including collection of a bone biopsy for histomorphometric analysis. * Attend follow-up visits to evaluate peri-implant tissue health, marginal bone stability, and implant success up to 24 months after implant loading.