Study of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation to Treat Epilepsy

This study tests transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) — a non-invasive, gentle electrical brain stimulation delivered through scalp electrodes — as a treatment to reduce seizures in children and adults with epilepsy that has not responded to at least two medications. tDCS applies a very small electrical current to targeted brain areas to reduce abnormal electrical activity. This study tracks seizure frequency before, during, and after tDCS treatment. **You may be eligible if...** - You are 6 or older - You have a clinical diagnosis of generalized or focal epilepsy, or sleep-related epileptic encephalopathy - You have at least 2 countable seizures per month, or spike-wave activity on EEG at least 50% of the time - At least 2 anti-seizure medications have not controlled your seizures - You can maintain a stable medication regimen during the study - You or your legal representative can understand English and keep a seizure diary **You may NOT be eligible if...** - You have a condition likely to progress during the study - You have psychogenic non-epileptic seizures - You have attempted suicide or been psychiatrically hospitalized in the past 2 years - You have a skin condition that prevents scalp electrode placement, or an allergy to silver - You are pregnant - You have implanted devices (except vagal nerve stimulator, which is allowed) **Talk to your neurologist if** you or your child has epilepsy that has not responded to multiple medications and you want to explore non-drug brain stimulation options.