Effects of Circuit Training Combine With Square-Stepping Exercise, Strength Training and Balance Training on Senior Fitness and Fall Risk in Elderly in the Community

According to the cause of death statistics compiled by the Ministry of Health and Welfare in 2022, among the causes of death among the elderly, falls ranked second among the causes of death from accidental injuries over the age of 65. Exercise has been proven to prevent falls in many studies, especially Square-Stepping Exercise can not only train strength and balance, but also improve cognitive function and reduce the fear of falling in the elderly. Therefore, this study will use Square-Stepping Exercise as the core and circuit training as the structure to design a set of exercise training that combines muscle strength and balance and is easy to implement in the community. The purpose of the study is to determine whether exercise training that combines circuit training with block stepping, muscle strength, and balance exercises can reduce the risk of falls among elderly people in the community (primary results: muscle strength, flexibility, cardiorespiratory endurance, balance; secondary results: cognitive function, Fear of falling, fall rate). This study will collect participant in the community, and subjects will be randomly assigned to the experimental group and the control group on a community basis. The experimental group will receive 12 weeks of exercise training, while the control group will follow their usual lifestyle, with 48 people in each group. The experimental design is exercise intervention for 12 weeks, twice a week, 90 minutes each time (30 minutes of main exercise). The exercise is designed into two stages according to the difficulty of Square-Stepping Exercise. The training of muscle strength and dynamic/static balance will also gradually increase in difficulty over the weeks. The research look forward to seeing the effects of multi-component exercise on physical fitness, cognitive function, fear of falling and fall rate.