Dose-Response Impact of Geranylgeraniol (GG) Supplementation on Muscle Health

Exclusion Criteria22

• BMI \<18.5 or \> 29.9 kg/m2
• Positive medical history and/or is currently being treated for some form of heart disease, cardiovascular disease, kidney disease, renal failure, or has dialysis performed on regular intervals, Type I or Type II diabetes (determined as fasting blood glucose \> 126 mg/dL), thyroid disease, liver disease or some form of clinically diagnosed hepatic impairment, immune disorder (i.e., HIV/AIDS), or neurological condition or disease.
• Diagnosed with any affective disorder or other psychiatric disorder that required hospitalization in the prior year.
• History of cancer (except localized skin cancer without metastases or in situ cervical cancer within 5 years prior to screening visit).
• Participant has an abnormality or obstruction of the gastrointestinal tract precluding swallowing (e.g., dysphagia) and digestion (e.g., known intestinal malabsorption, celiac disease, inflammatory bowel disease, chronic pancreatitis, steatorrhea)
• Genetic musculoskeletal and neurologic disorder known to affect skeletal muscle metabolism
• Has donated blood in past 60 days
• Diagnosed with or being treated for any endocrinological disorder and/or taking hormone boosting supplements (e.g. herbs) or hormone replacement therapy (prescribed/doctor ordered or not)
• Had CoQ10 supplement in past 30 days. Had steroid medication one month before starting the study
• Currently prescribed for the first time a statin drugs (i.e., Lipitor, Livalo, Crestor, Zocor, etc.) and/or a hypertension medication (i.e., Beta-blockers, ACE Inhibitors, Alpha blockers, - Vasodilators, etc.) within the past 6 months or has had their dosage or medication changed within the past 6 months
• Current smoker (average of \> 1 pack per week within the past 3 months) or has quit within the past six months. This includes all forms of nicotine
• Intake of any drugs (prescribed or over the counter) or dietary supplements that are known or are purported to impact energy expenditure or weight loss (caffeine doses \<300 mg/day is permissible)
• Women with a history of hormone-related conditions such as endometriosis, fibroids, polycystic ovary syndrome
• Women who are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or lactating currently or within the past six months
• Have a known sensitivity or allergy to any of the study products
• History of alcohol or substance abuse in the 12 months prior to screening
• Receipt or use of an investigational product in another research study within 30 days of beginning the study protocol
• Has participated in other clinical trials focused on physical and muscle performance within the last year
• They plan major changes in lifestyle (i.e., diet, dieting, exercise level, travel, etc.) during the study
• Individuals who regularly compete as part of sanctioned athletic activities or those individuals who regularly train more than 360 minutes of exercise per week
• Recent history (\<3 months) of exercise training or weight loss (\> 5%)
• Any condition or abnormality that, in the opinion of the investigator, would compromise the safety of the participant or the quality of the study data